First Phase Of The Second World War: Victory Of The German Lightning Battle

Abstract

World War II is one of the most important wars in human history, which took place between 1939 and 1945, in which dozens of countries fought and tens of millions of people died. The first phase of this war was completed in an unprecedented manner. The Germans quickly achieved their goals and became the rulers of Europe. In this study, the factors that caused the tremendous success of the Germans were tired to be revealed scientifically, using academic literature. Qualified works related to the subject were examined using the document analysis method. It has been determined that the main factor in the success of the Germans was tactical and strategic understanding along with correct planning. The removal of tanks from their role as armored vehicles supporting infantry and their gathering in independent tank divisions provided the German army with great speed and maneuverability. The Bliztkrieg (Lightning Warfare) Doctrine, in which tanks, aircraft and infantry acted together, was very effective in the Germans achieving rapid results. Hitler's listening to young generals and his openness to innovations are also important dynamics of German success. The difficult and risky plan of Erich von Manstein, a young general, was adopted by Hitler and became the key to victory.